Notes:
1) Ecology is the study of the systematic study of organisms and their interactions with environment. It reveals the relationship between living and non living parts of the environment.
2) Niches is a place where the organisms perform the best.
3) Hierarchy in ecology :
- species : organisms with common genetic makeup, behaviour and physical characteristics.
- population: a group of individuals belonging in the same species inhabiting a particular geographical area.
- community: all organisms inhabiting a particular area
- ecosystems: include all abiotic factor and biotic factor of a habitat.
- biosphere: all ecosystems on earth
4) Abiotic factors are the non living parts of the environment where include temperature, water, sunligh, wind, rock and soil and periodic disturbances.
5) Homeostasis is the dynamic balance of processes materials and organisms in the ecosystem and biosphere.
6) Homeostasis og the ecosystem invlove the interaction between organisms and organisms and also interaction between organisms and habitat.
7) Energy and nutrient are absorbed from one stage of organisms to another stage of organisms but part of the energy will lost as heat.
8) Energy itself does not recycle but the energy only recycle in the form of C-C bond. Ultimate fate of energy are lost as heat while the ultimate source of energy is sun.
9) Microbes play important roles in the ecosystem. Microbes can act as:
- oxygen producer
- environment nitrogen fixer
- recyclers of dead material
- source of food in food chain
- weak species remover
10) The factors that may affect the stability of the environment are:
- increase the frequency of natural or unnatural disturbances
- abrupt change in species diversity
- a change in the rate of nutrient and energy consumption
11) There are few ways we can do to manage our ecosystem :
- Stakeholders
- develop knowledge about the values of nature to open negotiations to develop mutual beneficial partnerships
- Adaptive management
- implement and analyse hypotheses based on their previous implemented management strategies
- Natural resource management
- deal with the particular resource but not the whole ecosystem.
- fulfill and take care of demands without causing harm to the ecosystem
- Strategic management
- encourages establishment of goals that will benefit the ecosystem while keeping the socioeconomic and politically relevant issues in mind.
- Landscape level conservation
- considers wildlife needs to identify the best option for protecting their ecosystem.
- Command and control management
- perceived problems solved through controlling devices such as laws, contracts or agreements.
Activity: Submit kubbu that is prepared by group 3 and padleting for the topic of biogeochemical cycle.
My own explorace:
1) The example of negative interaction are competition, prey and predator, parasitic relationship.
2) Microbial loop describes dissolved organic carbon is introduced to marine food web via its incorporation into bacterial biomass, and then coupled with the classic food chain formed by phytoplankton-zooplankton-nekton.
3) The dossolved organic materials will first absorbed by bacteria. When the bacteria died, the bacteria will be digested by protozoa and protozoa digested by zooplankton. Zooplankton will consumed by fished or other marine animals.
Reflection:
Today Dr Wan was talked about ghost story in the class and everyone was awake at this moment. Hahahahaha. The study of principles of ecology is important because we need to understand their habitat and how they work with the environment if we want to further study about them. For example, we need to know the habitat of the microorganisms when we want to isolate a certain microorganisms. The relationship of microorganisms with their habitat is important in the study of roles of microbes in the ecosystems.
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