1) Algae under kingdom protists because they are hard to define.
2) Algae different from plant because they don’t have
vascular system.
3) Algae different from animal because they are autotrophs.
4) Algae can be unicellular or multicellular.
5) Algae contain chlorophyll which make them able to make
food.
6) Algae live in aquatic or terrestial.
- Planktonic - suspended in aqueous environment
- Benthic - attached and living on the bottom of water
- Neutonic - at water-atmosphere interface
7) Most of the algae have cell wall composed of cellulose, except for
diatom which are made of silica. Sometime chitin or no cell wall.
8) Euglena have single flagella, chlorophyta have two or four polar flagella. For dinoflagellates, they have two flagella of different length and point of insertion.
9) All algae carry out asexual reproduction (fragmentation, spores, binary fission) but not all algae able to carry out sexual reproduction ( oogonia fuse with antheridia to form zygote).
8) Euglena have single flagella, chlorophyta have two or four polar flagella. For dinoflagellates, they have two flagella of different length and point of insertion.
9) All algae carry out asexual reproduction (fragmentation, spores, binary fission) but not all algae able to carry out sexual reproduction ( oogonia fuse with antheridia to form zygote).
10) Algae can divided into 5 phyla:
- Chrysophyta - diatoms
- Euglenophyta
- Pyrrhophyta - dinoflagellates
- Charophyta
- Chlorophyta - Green
- green
- cellulose cell wall
- unicellular or multicellular
- chloropyll a or b
- store glucose polymer
- gave rise to terrestial plants
- red
- mostly cellular
- cellulose/agar cell wall
- sexual reproduction'
- sstore glucose polymer
- chlorophyll a and d, phycocyaninm phycoerythrin
- red pigment absorb blue light
- brown
- macroscopic
- chlorophyll a and c, xanthophylls
- multicellular
- cellulose or algin cell wall
- sexual reproduction
- store carbohydrate
- golden-brown algae
- produce domic acid
- chlorophyll a and c
- unicellular
- peptin and silica cell wall
- sexual reprodution
- store oil
- unicellular plankton
- brown
- 2 flagella in perpendicular opposite grooves
- some produce neurotoxins
- can cause red tides
- chlorophyll a and c
- cellulose cell wall
- store starch
- green
- unicellular flagellated
- chlorophyll a and b, carotene
- can spontaneous lost chlorophyll in dark - heterotrophic organisms
- no cell wall
- rigid plasma membrane - pellicle
- no sexual reproduction
- store glucose polymer
18) Phytoplankton are primary producers of the ocean because phytoplankton converts carbon dioxide into protoplasm to consumed by zooplankton.
19) Algal bloom will disrupt higher links of local food web and cause the production of neurotoxin.
My own explorace:
1) Photoautotrophs are the orgainsms use the energy from light to carry out various cellular metabolic processes.
2) Endosymbionts are any organisms that lived within the body or cell or other organisms. Corals and dinoflagellates establish an symbiotic relationship where the dinoflagellates provide fixed carbon to corals while algae receive various nutrients from corals.
3) Members of Rhodophyta have a characteristic clear red or purplish color are due to the pigments called phycoerythrin, which is well suited to absorb the blue light that penetrates deeper into water than the other colors of light.
4) Red tide is a phenomenon known as algal bloom when it is caused by dinoflagellates and the bloom takes on a red or brown colour. Some red tides are harmful because it associated with the production of neurotoxins. It kills many manatees every year.
Manatee
Reflection on this topic:
The mood in the class was quite down. The reasons may due to the Kenegaraan test but I think most of us were already in holiday mood, not study mood, hahaha..I think people shouldn't look down on these small tiny algae. An algae looked like nothing but a large number of algae can make things worse. Red tides which caused by large number of dinoflagellates can killed a lot of marine organisms, even the cute manatee. T.T
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